Aromatic
Hydrocarbons (Benzene and Derivatives)
Structure
of Benzene, stability of Benzene ( Heats of hydrogenation), Aromatic character
–Huckel’s (4n + 2 electron) rule. Nomenclature of Benzene derivatives.
Electrophilic substitution reactions (Halogenation, Nitration, Sulphonation,
Friedel- Crafts alkylation and acylation), Effect of substituent on Reactivity
and orientation of monosubstiuted Benzenes. Nucleophilic substitution in
Halobenzenes. Acidity and Reactions of Phenols.
Polynuclear
Hydrocarbons: Napthalene and Anthracene: Structure, relative stability and
aromaticity, Electrophilic substitution reactions - orientation, reduction and
oxidation.
Stereo
Chemistry
Stereoisomerism,
conformational isomerism, Cis-trans (E & Z) isomerism, sequence rules for E
& Z configurations. Enantiomerism and optical activity:
Plane
of symmetry, asymmetry or chirality, plane polarized light, Relative (D &
L) configurations, Absolute (R & S) configurations, sequence rules,
Diastereomers, Meso structures, racemic modifications, concept of
stereospecificity.
Heterocyclic
Compounds Containing One Hetero Atom
Introduction,
classification and nomenclature of Heterocyclic compounds, Ring structure,
methods of preparation and characteristic reactions of pyrrole, furan,
thiophene, Pyridine, Indole, Quinoline, Isoquinoline and Acridine. Structure
and specific uses of two medicinally important compounds representing each of
the heterocyclic systems.
Heterocyclic
Compounds Containing Two Hetero Atoms
Structure
and preparation of Pyrazole, Imidazole, Benzimidazole, Oxazole, Isoxozole,
thiazole, diazine, pyrimidius, pyrazine and phenothiazine.
Nomenclature
and Ring Structure and specific uses of two medicinally important compounds
representing each of the above heterocyclic systems; Benzofuran, Benzopyran,
dioxane, cinnoline, phenazine, oxazine, triazine, triazole, tetrazole, phenam
and cepham.
Synthetic
Reagents and Reactions
Specific
synthetic Applications (at least two) of the following reagents:
Lithium
Aluminium Hydride (LAH), Lead Tetra Acetate (LTA), N-Bromosucinimide (NBS),
Selenium oxide, sodium periodate, perchloric acid,
Mechanism
of the following reactions: Fries migration, Beckmann Re-arrangement, Birch
reduction, Hoffman's hypobromite reaction, oppenneur oxidation. MPV reduction,
ArndtEistert synthesis.