Biopharmaceutics
Introduction
& their role in formulation development & clinical settings, fate of
drugs after administration.
Drug
absorption: drug absorption mechanisms, factors affecting drug absorption
(physiochemical, biological, metabolic, formulations and dosage form
considerations).
Drug
distribution & protein binding of drugs
Distribution
of drug through organ /tissue - factors affecting distribution
(Physicochemical
properties of drugs, organ/tissue size, blood flow to the organ, physiological
barriers to the distribution of drugs,
drug binding blood / tissue / macromolecules).
Protein
/tissue binding of drugs- factors affecting protein binding of drugs,
significance and kinetics, tissue binding of drugs.
Drug
metabolism & excretion of drugs
Biotransformation
of drugs- drug metabolizing enzymes & organs, phase I & phase II
reactions, factors affecting biotransformation, drug metabolism significance,
extrahepatic metabolism, pharmacological activity of metabolite, deposition of
metabolite.
Excretion
of drugs - renal excretion of drug, factors affecting renal excretion of drugs,
nonrenal routes of excretion of drug & factors affecting them,
enterohepatic circulation.
Pharmacokinetics
Introduction,
basic concepts- rate processes in biological systems, pharmacokinetics
parmneters- Cmax, tmax, AUC, biological half life, apparent volume of
distribution, clearance (hepatic, renal, organ, metabolite).
Pharmacokinetics
drug interaction and their significance in combination therapy.
Clinical
pharmacokinetics: dosage adjustment in patient with and without renal and
hepatic failure.
Compartment models
Basic
concepts, one & two compartment models- pharmacokinetics of drug
absorption, distribution and elimination under following conditions:
i) Intravenous bolus injection
ii) Intravenous infusion
iii) Oral single dose
Application of pharmacokinetic principles &
computation of parameters by graphical approach.